"Eksepsionalizmi" amerikan dhe lidershipi i SHBA-s? n? shekujt XX dhe XI

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American “Exceptionalism” and the U.S. Leadership in the 20th and 21st Century This research treats one of the most important and difficult subjects in the field of international relations, that on the United States leadership in the system of global politics, in a world where its systemic architecture seems like, sooner or later, is about to change. There are two main difficulties relating the study of this subject: First, even though this research is stretched over a long period of time, mainly, the end of the 19th century, the 20th century and the first decade of the 21st century, which allows us to make theoretical analysis on the basis of induction approach and comparative historical method, the subject being treated - leadership - deals with a theoretical, normative and political category, and its content is difficult to define and measure empirically. A country’s leadership can be considered as an issue of subjective perception by individuals or political actors, which could be sovereign countries, non-state organizations, or international organizations. The second difficulty deals with the fact that, in the field of international relations and global politics, because of some occurrences, even though important, myths have often - and easily - been created or are created, according to which, the structure of these relations and the tendencies of international politics, can change in a relatively short period of time. The nowadays widespread notion on the fall of the American supremacy in global politics and on the weakening of the United States leadership, is not something new. As William Wohlforth explains, this is the fourth time since the end of World War II, that is widely believed that American hegemony is coming to an end. Likewise, Josef Joffe notes that since the end of World War II, when America became a global dominating power, prophecies on finis Americae haven been repeated every ten years. For this reason, the task to explain and argue the skeptics and “declinists” who believe - or maybe, even wish - the fall of America and its global leadership, it’s difficult, although strong facts in the field of economics, politics, technology and military, prove the exact opposite. The study concludes that, even though the position and role of the United States may seem like it has weakened and in the future it could weaken even more, this position and role of the United States will be seriously unchallenged for a relatively long period of time in the 21st century, just as the global system won’t fundamentally change within a short period of time. This system, which in its structure and essence continues to remain unipolar, it’s characterized by two inherent attributes, which are: first, the width and depth of the gap that separates the United States of America from all the other superpowers and second, the geopolitcal factor. By today’s logic and rythm of development and those expected in the future, there still isn’t any serious indicator that proves that America will have any significant rivals which would risk its status as a global hegemonic power, and thus, its global leadership role.画面が切り替わりますので、しばらくお待ち下さい。
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